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Portrait of Cole ConleyPhoto: ndlegis.gov

ND · Officeholder

Cole Conley

RState Senator · District 12

Votes by issue

Their recorded votes on bills that divided the chamber (unanimous votes left out), grouped by topic. A bill can sit under more than one topic. "With" and "against" compare each vote with how most Republicans voted. How topics are assigned

Where they stood out

Voted against most of their party on 6 of 36 party-divided votes on file.

Most often on: Rights & public safety (3), Jobs & cost of living (2), Health & care (1)

  • AN ACT to create and enact a new section to chapter 23-12 of the North Dakota Century Code, relating to an opt-out procedure for required vaccines.

    What it does: Relating to an opt‑out procedure for required vaccines.

    Voted no · most Republicans voted yes · Democrats 0–5, Republicans 30–12

    Apr 28, 2025Official record ↗

  • AN ACT to create and enact a new section to chapter 14-09 of the North Dakota Century Code, relating to interference with court-ordered parenting time; to create a child custody review task force; to provide for a legislative management report; and to provide a penalty.

    What it does: Relating to interference with court-ordered parenting time; to create a child custody review task force; to provide for a legislative management report; and to provide a penalty.

    Voted no · most Republicans voted yes · Democrats 0–5, Republicans 27–15

    Apr 16, 2025Official record ↗

  • AN ACT to create and enact a new subsection to section 30.1-28-07 and chapter 54-68 of the North Dakota Century Code, relating to an office of guardianship and conservatorship and the removal of a guardian; to amend and reenact section 30.1-29-15 and subsection 1 of section 50-24.1-07 of the North Dakota Century Code, relating to the removal of a conservator and the recovery of medical assistance expenses; to repeal chapter 27-27 and section 54-68-02.1 of the North Dakota Century Code, relating to the task force on guardianship monitoring and transition requirements; to provide a penalty; to provide for a report; to provide an appropriation; to provide a continuing appropriation; to provide for a transfer; and to provide an effective date.

    What it does: Relating to an office of guardianship and conservatorship and the removal of a guardian; to amend and reenact section 30.1‑29‑15 and subsection 1 of section 50‑24.1‑07 of the North Dakota Century Code, relating to the…

    Voted no · most Republicans voted yes · Democrats 0–5, Republicans 24–18

    Feb 21, 2025Official record ↗

  • AN ACT to amend and reenact section 46-05-09 of the North Dakota Century Code, relating to publication requirements for legal notices.

    What it does: Relating to publication requirements for legal notices.

    Voted no · most Republicans voted yes · Democrats 0–5, Republicans 25–17

    Feb 19, 2025Official record ↗

  • AN ACT to provide an appropriation for defraying the expenses of the ethics commission; to create and enact a new section to chapter 54-03 and two new sections to chapter 54-66 of the North Dakota Century Code, relating to immunity and a defense for individuals voting on legislation, closure of a matter of the ethics commission, rules for complaint management time standards, and an ethics commission annual report; to amend and reenact sections 12.1-13-02, 54-66-01, 54-66-04, 54-66-05, 54-66-06, and 54-66-07, subsection 2 of section 54-66-08, and sections 54-66-09, 54-66-10, 54-66-12, and 54-66-18 of the North Dakota Century Code, relating to immunity from criminal prosecution, definitions, ethics commission meetings, complaints, an informal resolution process, law enforcement referrals, findings, appeals, confidential information related to a complaint, and conflicts of interest; and to declare an emergency.

    What it does: Relating to immunity and a defense for individuals voting on legislation, closure of a matter of the ethics commission, rules for complaint management time standards, and an ethics commission annual report; to amend a…

    Voted yes · most Republicans voted no · Democrats 5–0, Republicans 20–21

    Feb 11, 2025Official record ↗

How this is counted

Their votes on the most contested roll calls

The votes in their chamber that came out closest and most divided by party, among those they voted on. How we rank

See all their split votes

Substantive votes concern legislation or nominations; procedural votes concern how the chamber considers them. A Yes vote applies to the motion shown, which may not be final passage.

SB 2408 · ND SENATE

A BILL for an Act to create and enact subdivision lll of subsection 3 of section 19-03.1-05 of the North Dakota Century Code, relating to the scheduling of kratom alkaloids and kratom alkaloid derivatives as a schedule I controlled substance; to amend and reenact section 19-03.1-22.3 and subsection 7 of section 19-03.1-23 of the North Dakota Century Code, relating to penalties for the use and possession of kratom alkaloids and kratom alkaloid derivatives; to provide a penalty; and to provide an effective date.

YesVOTED

Motion: Motion for Final Passage on SB 2408

Relating to the scheduling of kratom alkaloids and kratom alkaloid derivatives as a schedule I controlled substance; to amend and reenact section 19‑03.1‑22.3 and subsection 7 of section 19‑03.1‑23 of the North Dakota Century Code, relating to penalties for the use and possession of kratom alkaloids and kratom alkaloid derivatives; to provide a penalty; and to provide an effective date.

Official summary — read the bill text ↗
Passed 46–1·Substantive·Sep 3, 2026Roll call ↗
SB 2406 · ND SENATE

A BILL for an Act to create and enact chapter 44-04.1 of the North Dakota Century Code, relating to prohibiting agencies from entering nondisclosure agreements concerning data centers and industrial projects; to provide a penalty; to provide an effective date; and to provide an expiration date.

NoVOTED

Motion: Motion for Final Passage on SB 2406

Relating to prohibiting agencies from entering nondisclosure agreements concerning data centers and industrial projects; to provide a penalty; to provide an effective date; and to provide an expiration date.

Official summary — read the bill text ↗
Failed 15–32·Substantive·Sep 3, 2026Roll call ↗
SB 2405 · ND SENATE

A BILL for an Act to amend and reenact subsection 1 of section 57-02-08.9, section 57-20-09, and subsection 1 of section 57-55-03 of the North Dakota Century Code, relating to the order of application of the primary residence credit and discount for early payment of tax; and to provide an effective date.

YesVOTED

Motion: Motion for Final Passage on SB 2405

Relating to the order of application of the primary residence credit and discount for early payment of tax; and to provide an effective date.

Official summary — read the bill text ↗
Passed 27–20·Substantive·Sep 3, 2026Roll call ↗
SB 2407 · ND SENATE

AN ACT to provide an appropriation to the state historical society for the North Dakota military museum project; to amend and reenact section 55-01-02.1 of the North Dakota Century Code, relating to jurisdiction of the heritage center; to repeal subsection 3 of section 6 of chapter 17 of the 2025 Session Laws, relating to a donation pledge requirement to access funding from the strategic investment and improvements fund; to provide a statement of legislative intent; to authorize a line of credit; to provide for a report; and to provide an effective date.

YesVOTED

Motion: Motion for Final Passage on SB 2407

Relating to jurisdiction of the heritage center; to repeal subsection 3 of section 6 of chapter 17 of the 2025 Session Laws, relating to a donation pledge requirement to access funding from the strategic investment and improvements fund; to provide a statement of legislative intent; to authorize a line of credit; to provide for a report; and to provide an effective date.

Official summary — read the bill text ↗
Passed 39–8·Substantive·Sep 3, 2026Roll call ↗
HB 1626 · ND SENATE

AN ACT to amend and reenact subdivision d of subsection 1 of section 57-02-08.9, section 57-20-09, and subsection 1 of section 57-55-03 of the North Dakota Century Code, relating to application of the primary residence credit and discount for early payment of tax; and to provide an effective date.

YesVOTED

Motion: Motion for Final Passage on HB 1626

Relating to application of the primary residence credit and discount for early payment of tax; and to provide an effective date.

Official summary — read the bill text ↗
Passed 40–6·Substantive·Jan 23, 2026Roll call ↗
HB 1624 · ND SENATE

A BILL for an Act to create and enact two new sections to chapter 15.1-07 of the North Dakota Century Code, relating to offering school breakfast and lunch at no cost and the school meals fund; to provide an appropriation; to provide for a transfer; and to provide an effective date.

NoVOTED

Motion: Motion for Final Passage on HB 1624

Relating to offering school breakfast and lunch at no cost and the school meals fund; to provide an appropriation; to provide for a transfer; and to provide an effective date.

Official summary — read the bill text ↗
Failed 22–24·Substantive·Jan 23, 2026Roll call ↗
HB 1624 · ND SENATE

A BILL for an Act to create and enact two new sections to chapter 15.1-07 of the North Dakota Century Code, relating to offering school breakfast and lunch at no cost and the school meals fund; to provide an appropriation; to provide for a transfer; and to provide an effective date.

NoVOTED

Motion: Motion for Consideration of Amendments on HB 1624

A yes vote would adopt a floor amendment replacing HB 1624's free school meals provisions with a raise in the primary residence property tax credit limit from $1,600 to $2,050, funded by a $65 million appropriation. (AI-written)

Relating to offering school breakfast and lunch at no cost and the school meals fund; to provide an appropriation; to provide for a transfer; and to provide an effective date.

Latest official summary of the bill (as amended) — read the bill text ↗
Failed 14–32·Substantive·Jan 23, 2026Roll call ↗
HB 1621 · ND SENATE

AN ACT to amend and reenact subsection 1 of section 15.1-21-01 and section 15.1-21-02 of the North Dakota Century Code, relating to requiring the presidential physical fitness test in physical education courses in elementary, middle, and high schools and providing exceptions to the test; and to provide an effective date.

YesVOTED

Motion: Motion for Final Passage on HB 1621

Relating to requiring the presidential physical fitness test in physical education courses in elementary, middle, and high schools and providing exceptions to the test; and to provide an effective date.

Official summary — read the bill text ↗
Passed 43–3·Substantive·Jan 23, 2026Roll call ↗
SB 2401 · ND SENATE

AN ACT to create and enact a new subdivision to subsection 2 of section 12-60-24 of the North Dakota Century Code, relating to criminal history record checks by the board of occupational therapy practice; to amend and reenact section 43-17-27.1 of the North Dakota Century Code, relating to physician continuing education requirements; to provide a statement of legislative intent; and to provide an effective date.

YesVOTED

Motion: Motion for Final Passage on SB 2401

Relating to criminal history record checks by the board of occupational therapy practice; to amend and reenact section 43‑17‑27.1 of the North Dakota Century Code, relating to physician continuing education requirements; to provide a statement of legislative intent; and to provide an effective date.

Official summary — read the bill text ↗
Passed 44–2·Substantive·Jan 22, 2026Roll call ↗
SB 2014 · ND SENATE

AN ACT to provide an appropriation for defraying the expenses of the industrial commission and the agencies under its control; to create and enact a new section to chapter 6-09 and a new subdivision to subsection 2 of section 38-08-04.5 of the North Dakota Century Code, relating to a rail revolving loan fund and uses of the abandoned oil and gas well plugging and site reclamation fund; to amend and reenact subsection 7 of section 6-08.1-02 and sections 6-09-35, 6-09-46.2, 6-09.7-05, 6-09.14-04, and 49-17.1-02.1, subsection 1 of section 54-17-40, and subdivision a of subsection 4 of section 54-17.7-04 of the North Dakota Century Code, and section 15 of chapter 14 of the 2023 Session Laws, relating to confidential and exempt records of the Bank of North Dakota, the rebuilders loan program, loan guarantees through the strategic investment and improvements fund, interest rate buydown limits for the partnership in assisting community expansion fund, department of transportation review and approval of rail projects, uses of the housing incentive fund, North Dakota pipeline borrowing authority, and a salt cavern underground energy storage research project; to repeal section 3 of Senate Bill No. 2188, as approved by the sixty-ninth legislative assembly, relating to a transfer from the strategic investment and improvements fund to the clean sustainable energy fund; to provide a deficiency appropriation; to provide for a transfer; to provide an exemption; to provide for a legislative management study; to provide for a legislative management report; to provide for a report; to provide an effective date; and to declare an emergency.

YesVOTED

Motion: Motion for Final Passage on SB 2014

Relating to a rail revolving loan fund and uses of the abandoned oil and gas well plugging and site reclamation fund; to amend and reenact subsection 7 of section 6‑08.1‑02 and sections 6‑09‑35, 6‑09‑46.2, 6‑09.7‑05, 6‑09.14‑04, and 49‑17.1‑02.1, subsection 1 of section 54‑17‑40, and subdivision a of subsection 4 of section 54‑17.7‑04 of the North Dakota Century Code, and section 15 of chapter 14 of the 2023 Session Laws, relating to confidential and exempt records of the Bank of North Dakota, the rebuilders loan program, loan guarantees through the strategic investment and improvements fund,…

Official summary — read the bill text ↗
Passed 42–3·Substantive·May 3, 2025Roll call ↗

Showing 10 of 169 votes in this collection. Coverage may be incomplete; each entry links to the official record.