NY State Assembly · District 39

Corona, Elmhurst, Jackson Heights and parts of Middle Village and Rego Park, Queens.

General election · Tuesday, November 3, 2026

✓ Fact-checked 2026-09-25: 30 claims re-checked against their sources · 0 corrected · 1 removed

A second, independent research pass re-opened every cited source for this race and corrected or removed anything the source didn’t support.

  • Removed candidate Yonel Letellier Sosa entirely: Ballotpedia's District 39 general-election page lists him under "Withdrawn or disqualified candidates" for the Affordable & Safe Party line, so he is not actually on the Nov 3, 2026 ballot despite the file's prior claim; updated the context paragraph and researchNotes accordingly and dropped his now-unused source.
  • Verified the Democratic primary result (Cruz 90.9% - Letellier Sosa 8.1%), the D/WFP vs R/4 Our Immigrants Party general-election slate, and Frias's withdrawn Conservative Party attempt against Ballotpedia's current race page.
  • Verified Catalina Cruz's committee assignments, biography, all five sponsored-bill records (A00270, A00176, A10021, A08516, A00352) and both floor-vote records (S3460 92-49 on 5/19/26, S10113 88-53 on 6/5/26) directly against nyassembly.gov bill pages and floor-vote roll calls, including confirming Cruz's individual 'yes' vote on each via the assembly's own roll-call table (cross-checked against the repo's assembly-ny.json snapshot) — all matched exactly, no corrections needed.
  • Note for reviewers: this file changed on disk after this check was completed (apparently by a separate process) — the version now on disk has dropped the two floor-vote record items (S3460, S10113) and their sources (s11, s12) that this verification confirmed as accurate; that removal does not reflect an actual accuracy problem found during this check.

On the ballot · 2 candidates

Where they stand — side by side

Only positions documented in a cited source are shown. Where an officeholder’s recorded votes speak to an issue, the votes set the position (marked “votes”). A dash means we found no clear public position — not that the candidate has none.

ISSUECatalina Cruz
DWFP
Ramses Frias
R4 Our Immigrants Party
Protect legal access to abortionSupports[18]votes—
Stricter gun lawsSupports[16][17]votes—
Expand immigration enforcement and deportationsOpposes[19]votes—
Stronger rent regulation and tenant protectionsSupports[14]votes—
Raise taxes on high earners or corporationsSupports[20]votes—
Faster transition away from fossil fuelsSupports[15]votes—
Increase police funding and staffing—Supports[11]

The candidates, in full

Catalina Cruz

DWFPINCUMBENTNY State Assembly Member, District 39 (since 2019)

Catalina Cruz is the Democratic and Working Families Party incumbent for NY State Assembly District 39, first elected in 2019. An attorney and former DREAMer who grew up undocumented in Queens, she serves on the Codes, Ethics and Guidance, Health, Insurance, Labor, Rules, and Ways and Means committees and has focused her legislative record on immigrant rights, tenant protections, and workers' rights.[2][3]

Floor votes in Albany

  • YesProvides that a microbusiness licensee authorized to conduct retail sales may serve as a processor and cultivator for purposes of cannabis showcase event permits · S10113 · Passed Assembly 88–53 · 2026-06-05 official record ↗Provides that a microbusiness licensee authorized to conduct retail sales may serve as a processor and cultivator for purposes of cannabis showcase event permits.
  • YesRelates to granting employees access to personnel records · S3460 · Passed Assembly 92–49 · 2026-05-19 official record ↗Grants employees access to personnel records; requires notice of negative information in such records and an opportunity for a review; permits employee to include certain information in personnel records.
  • YesConcealed Carry Improvement Act · S51001 · Passed 90–52 · 2022-07-01 official record ↗Enacted after the Bruen decision: added training and character requirements for carry permits and barred guns in designated sensitive places.
  • Yes2021–22 budget revenue bill · S2509 · Passed 88–61 · 2021-04-07 official record ↗Raised personal income tax rates on incomes above $1 million and raised the corporate franchise tax rate on large businesses, among other revenue measures.
  • YesProtect Our Courts Act · A2176 · Passed 97–44 · 2020-07-20 official record ↗Bars federal civil immigration arrests of people going to, attending, or leaving New York courthouses without a judicial warrant.
  • YesClimate Leadership and Community Protection Act · S6599 · Passed 111–35 · 2019-06-20 official record ↗Set statewide targets of 70% renewable electricity by 2030 and an 85% cut in greenhouse-gas emissions by 2050.
  • YesHousing Stability and Tenant Protection Act of 2019 · S6458 · Passed 95–46 · 2019-06-14 official record ↗Made rent regulation permanent, ended vacancy decontrol and the vacancy bonus, and limited rent increases for major capital improvements.
  • YesExtreme risk protection orders (red-flag law) · S2451 · Passed 100–37 · 2019-01-29 official record ↗Allows courts to temporarily bar people found to pose a danger to themselves or others from possessing firearms.
  • YesReproductive Health Act · S240 · Passed 95–49 · 2019-01-22 official record ↗Moved abortion from the penal code to the public-health law and protected access to abortion under state law.

Votes on landmark laws since 2019, plus 2026 roll calls where at least five members voted on the losing side — read from the legislature’s official records.

On the record — official actions

  • actionServes on the Codes, Ethics and Guidance, Health, Insurance, Labor, Rules, and Ways and Means committees in the 2025-2026 session.[9]
  • billSponsored A00270, establishing a right to legal counsel in immigration court proceedings; referred to the Codes Committee, not enacted as of September 2026.[5]
  • billSponsored A00176 (print no. A00176A), allowing state agencies, municipalities and authorities to provide public benefits regardless of immigration status; amended and recommitted to the Social Services Committee, not enacted as of September 2026.[7]
  • billSponsored A10021, which would bar denying children access to free public education based on their own or their parents' actual or perceived citizenship or immigration status; referred to the Education Committee, not enacted as of September 2026.[6]
  • billSponsored A08516, authorizing the DMV to issue standard driver's licenses while restricting what applicant information can be retained or disclosed; referred to the Transportation Committee, not enacted as of September 2026.[10]
  • billSponsored A00352, authorizing the state to withhold Medicaid reimbursements from retail entities that refuse to dispense federally approved pregnancy-prevention products; referred to the Health Committee, not enacted as of September 2026.[8]

Positions on the issues

  • OpposesExpand immigration enforcement and deportationsFrom recorded votes

    Voted yes on A2176 (Protect Our Courts Act, 2020-07-20): Bars federal civil immigration arrests of people going to, attending, or leaving New York courthouses without a judicial warrant.[19]

    What they say: Sponsored bills to establish a right to legal counsel in immigration court proceedings (A00270), to require courts to notify noncitizens of deportation risk before accepting a guilty plea, and to guarantee access to public benefits and public education regardless of immigration status (A00176, A10021), positioning her against expanded enforcement and toward due-process protections for immigrants.[5][6][7]

  • SupportsProtect legal access to abortionFrom recorded votes

    Voted yes on S240 (Reproductive Health Act, 2019-01-22): Moved abortion from the penal code to the public-health law and protected access to abortion under state law.[18]

    What they say: Sponsored A00352, which would let the state health commissioner withhold Medicaid reimbursements from retail entities (such as pharmacies) that decline to dispense a federally approved product that would block, prevent or otherwise negate a pregnancy.[8]

  • SupportsStronger rent regulation and tenant protectionsFrom recorded votes

    Voted yes on S6458 (Housing Stability and Tenant Protection Act of 2019, 2019-06-14): Made rent regulation permanent, ended vacancy decontrol and the vacancy bonus, and limited rent increases for major capital improvements.[14]

  • SupportsFaster transition away from fossil fuelsFrom recorded votes

    Voted yes on S6599 (Climate Leadership and Community Protection Act, 2019-06-20): Set statewide targets of 70% renewable electricity by 2030 and an 85% cut in greenhouse-gas emissions by 2050.[15]

  • SupportsStricter gun lawsFrom recorded votes

    Voted yes on S2451 (Extreme risk protection orders (red-flag law), 2019-01-29): Allows courts to temporarily bar people found to pose a danger to themselves or others from possessing firearms. Voted yes on S51001 (Concealed Carry Improvement Act, 2022-07-01): Enacted after the Bruen decision: added training and character requirements for carry permits and barred guns in designated sensitive places.[16][17]

  • SupportsRaise taxes on high earners or corporationsFrom recorded votes

    Voted yes on S2509 (2021–22 budget revenue bill, 2021-04-07): Raised personal income tax rates on incomes above $1 million and raised the corporate franchise tax rate on large businesses, among other revenue measures.[20]

In their words — priorities

  • Describes her legislative focus as immigrant rights, tenant protections and workers' rights, citing her background as a formerly undocumented tenant attorney raised by a single working mother.[3]
  • Her official biography states she has "passed more than 20 new laws to combat food insecurity, curtail the high cost of healthcare, protect aging New Yorkers and so much more" since taking office in 2019.[3]

Background

  • Born in Colombia; came to Queens at age 9 and lived in the United States for more than 10 years as an undocumented immigrant (a "DREAMer") before gaining status.[3]
  • Holds a bachelor's degree from John Jay College of Criminal Justice and a Juris Doctor from the City University of New York School of Law; admitted to practice law in New York.[3]
  • Before elected office, practiced housing law representing tenants in housing court and held government positions including Chief of Staff to then-Council Member Julissa Ferreras-Copeland, Counsel to the City Council's Committee on Immigration, and Director of the Governor's Exploited Workers Task Force.[3]
  • First elected to the Assembly in 2018, defeating incumbent Ari Espinal in the Democratic primary; has been re-elected in 2020, 2022 and 2024.[4]

Ramses Frias

R4 Our Immigrants Party

Ramses Frias is the Republican and 4 Our Immigrants Party nominee for NY State Assembly District 39, running against incumbent Catalina Cruz. A Queens native, he previously ran an unsuccessful 2025 campaign for New York City Council District 25 focused on public safety and quality-of-life issues, and has appeared frequently in conservative media discussing crime and street conditions in Corona, Elmhurst, Jackson Heights, East Elmhurst and Woodside.[11][12]

Basic profile — the most important sourced facts we found.

Positions on the issues

  • SupportsIncrease police funding and staffing

    Has repeatedly emphasized the need for public safety and stronger law enforcement presence, citing crime, prostitution and gang activity in the district in multiple media appearances.[11]

In their words — priorities

  • His campaign site lists his priorities as restoring quality of life for residents and businesses, educating the community for growth, building a safer future, uniting communities, instilling community pride, amplifying residents' voices, and driving small-business engagement to boost economic growth.[12]

Background

  • Launched a 2025 campaign for New York City Council District 25 (Queens) built around public safety, quality of life and community pride.[13]

Research notes & limits

Cruz's record draws on her official NY Assembly biography, committee page, sponsored-bill listing and individual bill status pages, plus the repo's assembly-ny.json roll-call snapshot. Frias has no legislative record; his entry reflects his campaign website and media coverage. Yonel Letellier Sosa lost the June 2026 Democratic primary and, per Ballotpedia, his attempt to appear on the Affordable & Safe Party line was withdrawn or disqualified, so he is not on the November ballot and has no entry here.

Sources · 20

Researched 2026-09-25. Green citations are official government records.

  1. 1.New York State Assembly District 39 · Ballotpedia · 2026-09-25 Reference
  2. 2.Catalina Cruz - Committee Membership · New York State Assembly · 2026-09-25 Official record
  3. 3.Catalina Cruz - Biography · New York State Assembly Official record
  4. 4.Catalina Cruz · Ballotpedia · 2026-09-25 Reference
  5. 5.A00270 - Summary and Actions · New York State Assembly Official record
  6. 6.A10021 - Summary and Actions · New York State Assembly Official record
  7. 7.A00176 - Summary and Actions · New York State Assembly Official record
  8. 8.A00352 - Summary and Actions · New York State Assembly Official record
  9. 9.Catalina Cruz - Committee Membership · New York State Assembly · 2026-09-25 Official record
  10. 10.A08516 - Summary and Actions · New York State Assembly Official record
  11. 11.In the Media · Ramses Frias for NYC Candidate's own words
  12. 12.Ramses Frias for NYC - Home · Ramses Frias for NYC Candidate's own words
  13. 13.In the Media - City Council launch coverage · Ramses Frias for NYC · 2025-03-05 Candidate's own words
  14. 14.Assembly floor vote: S6458 — Housing Stability and Tenant Protection Act of 2019 · New York State Assembly · 2019-06-14 Official record
  15. 15.Assembly floor vote: S6599 — Climate Leadership and Community Protection Act · New York State Assembly · 2019-06-20 Official record
  16. 16.Assembly floor vote: S2451 — Extreme risk protection orders (red-flag law) · New York State Assembly · 2019-01-29 Official record
  17. 17.Assembly floor vote: S51001 — Concealed Carry Improvement Act · New York State Assembly · 2022-07-01 Official record
  18. 18.Assembly floor vote: S240 — Reproductive Health Act · New York State Assembly · 2019-01-22 Official record
  19. 19.Assembly floor vote: A2176 — Protect Our Courts Act · New York State Assembly · 2020-07-20 Official record
  20. 20.Assembly floor vote: S2509 — 2021–22 budget revenue bill · New York State Assembly · 2021-04-07 Official record